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鎴戝湅鍦�1990骞村埄鐢ㄤ腑鍦嬮噹鐢熻枖钖囪垏鐝�(xi脿n)浠f湀瀛i洔浜ょ嵅寰椾簡鍏锋湁鑹ソ鑰愬瘨鎬�銆佹姉閫嗘€х殑鍒虹帿鏈堝鍝佺ó缇�銆傚寳浜灄妤�(y猫)澶у鑷�1982骞磋捣閫g簩(x霉)鐢ㄦ潖銆佸北妗冭垏姊呴洔浜�,鐛插緱浜嗕竴鎵圭ó闁撴姉瀵掓€у緢寮风殑闆滅ó銆傞噰鐢ㄩ仩绶i洔浜ゆ硶锛屾柊鐤嗛伕鑲插嚭鑳藉湪-32鈩冩韩搴︿笅鑷劧闇插湴瓒婂啲锛屼竴骞�3瀛i枊鑺辩殑鏈堝鏂板搧绯�銆�
浜虹偤瑾樿畩閫斿緫
鍒╃敤鐗╃悊銆佸寲瀛哥瓑鍥犵礌瑾樺皫(d菐o)妞嶇墿閬哄偝鎬х櫦(f膩)鐢熻畩鐣帮紝鐒跺悗绲�(ji茅)鍚堢洰妯欏姞浠ラ伕鎿�锛屼篃鍙互鍩硅偛鍑烘柊鐨勭墿绋垨鍝佺ó銆傞€氶亷浜哄伐瑾樿畩鍙互鏈夋晥鍦版敼鑹搧绋殑鍊嬪垾鎬х媭锛岀府鐭偛绋勾闄�锛屼績閫查仩绶i洔浜ゆ垚鍔燂紝骞舵湁鍙兘鍑虹従(xi脿n)鑷劧鐣屼腑缃曡鐨勬柊椤炲瀷銆傚Latap (1980)閫氶亷瑾樿畩鐛插緱浜嗘攢鎻村瀷鐨勬湀瀛�; 鍥涘窛鏍歌兘鐮旂┒鎵€鍒╃敤γ灏勭窔铏曠悊鑿婅姳鐨勬彃姊�,閬稿嚭浜嗘瘡骞村叐娆¢枊鑺辩殑鑿婅姳鏂板搧绋�——杓绘鏃�;鑽疯槶鍜屽痉鍦嬭偛鎴愪簡鑳藉湪浣庝簬2鈩�-4鈩冩浠朵笅闁嬭姳鐨勬姉瀵掕姳鍗夊搧绋�銆傝嵎铇殑Broertjes鍦�1975骞�-1979骞撮枔,鐢╔灏勭窔閲嶅京(f霉)鐓у皠鑿婅姳,閬稿嚭浜嗗咕鐧惧€嬭姳鑹茬獊璁婄殑鑿婅姳鍝佺ó銆傝嫢閲囩敤鏅€氱殑鑺借畩娉曡偛绋�,鍓囬渶瑕佸咕鍗佸勾涔嬩箙銆�
1. 鐗╃悊瑾樿畩
鐗╃悊瑾樿畩鏈夋韩搴︽縺璁婏紙婧害鐨勭暟甯歌畩鍖栵級銆佹姊板壍(chu脿ng)鍌凤紙浜哄伐瀚佹帴銆佸弽寰�(f霉)鍒囧偡妞嶇墿绲勭箶銆佹憳蹇冪瓑锛夈€侀浕闆㈣蓟灏勶紙X灏勭窔銆�γ灏勭窔绛夛級绛夋柟寮�锛屼富瑕佹槸杓诲皠瑾樿畩銆�
W.E.Domol (1923)鏇惧皣浜屽€嶉珨棰ㄤ俊瀛�(Hyacinthus)鐨勯睏鑾栫敤浣庢韩铏曠悊寰楀埌涓夊€嶉珨鏂板搧绋�锛� Winker,H.绛変汉鏇剧敤鍒囧偡鑸囧珌鎺ョ殑鏂规硶鍦ㄨ寗绉戞鐗╀腑鐛插緱澶氬€嶉珨鏂板搧绋�銆�
1936骞�锛屽痉鑾埦锛圵.E.Demol锛夌敤X灏勭窔铏曠悊閮侀噾棣�锛岀稉(j墨ng)閬�10澶氬勾鏅傞枔鑲叉垚浜�“娉曡嚇杩�”绐佽畩鍝佺ó銆�20涓栫磤50骞翠唬鐢ㄨ蓟灏勮偛绋偛鎴愮殑鏈夌櫨鍚�銆佽敟钃�銆侀鐭崇銆佸攼鑿栬挷銆佽強鑺�銆佹潨榈戙€佷粰瀹締绛�銆�20涓栫磤60骞翠唬鑲叉垚鐨勬湁澶ч簵鑿�13鍊嬪搧绋紝閭勬湁鑿婅姳銆佸ソ鏈涜鑻h嫈銆佹壎妗�銆佽枖钖囥€佹潨榈�銆侀鐭崇绛�锛屽叡瑷�40鍊嬬獊璁婂搧绋�銆�20涓栫磤70骞翠唬锛岀敱浜庤蓟灏勬妧琛�(sh霉)鏀归€�锛屾椿楂斾笉瀹氳娊鎶€琛�(sh霉)銆侀洟楂斿煿椁�(y菐ng)鎶€琛�(sh霉)鐨勭櫦(f膩)灞曞拰鎳�(y墨ng)鐢�锛岃蓟灏勮獦璁婂搧绋縺澧炶嚦196鍊�锛�1980骞撮仈鍒�238鍊嬨€傛摎(j霉)鑱�(li谩n)鍚堝湅绯ц静(n贸ng)绲勭箶鍜屽湅闅涘師瀛愯兘姗熸(g貌u)鐨勭当(t菕ng)瑷�锛�1977骞�-1980骞村叏涓栫晫杓诲皠鎴愬姛鐨勬鐗�215绋�锛屽叾涓姳鍗�128鍊嬬ó锛屽崰59.5%銆傛埅鑷�1988骞�12鏈�锛屽叏鐞冨凡鑲叉垚浜�30绋璩炴鐗╃殑绐佽畩鍝佺ó379鍊�锛屽叾涓互鑿婅姳鏈€澶氾紙162鍊嬶級锛屽叾浠栦緷娆$偤澶ч簵鑿�銆佹湀瀛c€佺娴锋 銆佸叚鍑鸿姳銆侀鐭崇銆佹潨榈戣姳绛夈€�
2. 鍖栧瑾樿畩
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2. 绲勭箶鍩归(y菐ng)
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